Microgrids have become a basic building block of modern power systems and are of great significance in enhancing the system’s capacity to accommodate renewable energy and improving power supply reliability. In addition, microgrids are particularly suitable for regions described as “high, cold, remote, and isolated,” enabling green power supply under normal conditions and resilient power supply during emergencies and disasters. However, traditional microgrids rely on diesel generators, which involve high emissions and noise and are not environmentally friendly; or they depend on large-capacity energy storage systems, which are costly and prone to single-point failures, resulting in low reliability. To address these challenges, the team led by Professor Wu Wenchuan from the Department of Electrical Engineering and Applied Electronics, Tsinghua University, developed systems and technical equipment including renewable-energy-adaptive grid-forming technologies, feedback-optimization-based coordinated control, and AI-enhanced energy management. These enable on-site dynamic grid formation using renewable sources such as wind and solar, allow the system to split into multiple small microgrids based on resource conditions during accidents or disasters and to be dynamically reconfigured, thereby achieving flexible, reliable, green power supply and resilient emergency power support.

Operational status of the demonstration project of microgrid clusters with 100% grid-forming distributed power supply